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-다Korean sentence ending · TOPIK 5

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TOPIK 5 5급Sentence Endings 종결 어미statement, news register 서술(신문)3 senses

One sentence ending with 3 distinct uses in the dictionary. Each is below with its own usage rule and examples.

(formal, highly addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used when describing a certain event, fact, state, etc.

(아주낮춤으로) 어떤 사건이나 사실, 상태를 서술함을 나타내는 종결 어미.

쓰임Usage

Attaches after adjectives or -으시-, -었-, -겠-.

형용사 또는 ‘-으시-, -었-, -겠-’ 뒤에 붙여 쓴다.

예문Examples

바람이 시원하다.

The wind is cool.

이곳은 분위기가 아늑하다.

This place has a cozy atmosphere.

못 본 사이에 지수가 많이 예뻐졌다.

Jisu has gotten a lot prettier since I last saw her.

대화In conversation

이 차 좀 마셔 봐.

Try this tea.

식으면 마실게. 지금 마시기에는 너무 뜨겁다.

I'll drink it once it cools down. It's too hot to drink right now.

A sentence-final ending used when stating briefly an action of the past in the title of a writing, etc., thought to be indirectly heard or read.

간접적으로 듣거나 읽는 사람이 있다고 생각하는 글의 제목 등에서 과거의 동작을 간략하게 진술함을 나타내는 종결 어미.

쓰임Usage

Attaches after verbs or the honorific -으시-.

동사 또는 ‘-으시-’ 뒤에 붙여 쓴다.

예문Examples

한국인, 기적을 만들어내다.

Koreans create miracles.

엄마와 공원으로 나들이를 가다.

Go on an outing to the park with Mom.

오랜만에 동생과 함께 운동을 하다.

Exercise with my brother after a long time.

A sentence-final ending referring to the root of '이다' (be), a verb and adjective.

‘이다’, 동사와 형용사의 기본형을 나타내는 종결 어미.

쓰임Usage

Attaches after the copula 이다, verbs and adjectives or the honorific -으시-.

‘이다’, 동사와 형용사 또는 ‘-으시-’ 뒤에 붙여 쓴다.

예문Examples

봄이 오다.

Spring comes.

유민이가 예쁘다.

Yumin is pretty.

승규가 달리기가 빠르다.

Seunggyu is fast at running.

관련 문법Related grammar

Other sentence endings you will meet alongside this one.

-거라 -geora (formal, highly addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used when ordering. TOPIK 5 -고말고 -gomalgo -고말고요 (informal addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used to emphasize one's agreement or affirmation to the other person's question or statement. TOPIK 5 -네 -ne (formal, highly addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used when talking about something that one just learned. TOPIK 5 -는가 -neun-ga -ㄴ가 · -은가 (formal, moderately addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending referring to a question about a fact of the present. TOPIK 5 -는걸 -neun-geol -ㄴ걸 · -은걸 · -ㄴ걸요 (informal addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used when the speaker says a newly learned fact with admiration. TOPIK 5 -다니 -dani -다니요 · -라니 · -라니요 (informal addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used to ask again or admire an unexpected fact in surprise. TOPIK 5

자주 묻는 질문Common questions

What does -다 mean in Korean?

-다 is a sentence ending introduced at 5급 (TOPIK 5). (formal, highly addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used when describing a certain event, fact, state, etc. It has 3 distinct senses, all listed on this page.

When do you use -다?

Attaches after adjectives or -으시-, -었-, -겠-.

What TOPIK level is -다?

5급 — TOPIK 5, advanced. It is one of 56 grammar points at that level.

Definition, usage note, examples and dialogue from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.