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-더라Korean sentence ending · TOPIK 4

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TOPIK 4 4급Sentence Endings 종결 어미2 senses

One sentence ending with 2 distinct uses in the dictionary. Each is below with its own usage rule and examples.

(formal, highly addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used to convey in the present a fact the speaker realized anew from the speaker's personal experience.

(아주낮춤으로) 말하는 이가 직접 경험하여 새롭게 알게 된 사실을 지금 전달함을 나타내는 종결 어미.

쓰임Usage

Attaches after the copula 이다, verbs and adjectives, the honorific -으시-, the past -었- or the future -겠-.

‘이다’, 동사와 형용사 또는 ‘-으시-’, ‘-었-’, ‘-겠-’ 뒤에 붙여 쓴다.

예문Examples

그 식당 손님이 많이 줄었더라.

That restaurant's customers have decreased a lot.

할아버지께서 손자를 많이 보고 싶어 하시더라.

Grandfather really misses his grandson.

지수가 동생들을 돌보느라고 고생이 많았겠더라.

Jisu must have had a hard time taking care of her younger siblings.

대화In conversation

민준이는 노래를 잘 불러서 가수를 해도 되겠더라.

Minjun can sing so well that he could be a singer.

그래? 얼마나 잘하는지 나도 들어 보고 싶네.

Really? I'd like to hear him sing too.

(formal, highly addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used to either ask the self about the speaker's past experience or ask the interlocutor about the past experience that they had together.

(아주낮춤으로) 말하는 이가 과거에 경험한 일을 떠올리며 스스로 묻거나, 함께했던 과거 경험에 대해 상대방에게 물어보는 뜻을 나타내는 종결 어미.

쓰임Usage

Attaches after the copula 이다, verbs and adjectives, the honorific -으시-, the past -었- or the future -겠-.

‘이다’, 동사와 형용사 또는 ‘-으시-’, ‘-었-’, ‘-겠-’ 뒤에 붙여 쓴다.

예문Examples

그걸 어디다 뒀더라?

Where did I put that?

내가 어제 뭘 먹었더라?

What did I eat yesterday?

우리 언제 만났더라?

When did we meet?

관련 문법Related grammar

Other sentence endings you will meet alongside this one.

-게 -ge -게요 (informal addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used to guess what the following statement would be like, if the preceding statement is such,… TOPIK 4 -고 -go -고요 (informal addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending usually used when answering, omitting the question that should follow and finishing the… TOPIK 4 -나 -na -나요 (formal, moderately addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending referring to a question. TOPIK 4 -는다니 -neundani -ㄴ다니 · -다니 · -라니 (informal addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used when asking again or admiring an unexpected fact in surprise. TOPIK 4 -는다면서 -neundamyeonseo -ㄴ다면서 · -다면서 · -라면서 (informal addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used when the speaker confirms and asks questions about a fact that he/she heard. TOPIK 4 -다니 -dani -다니요 · -라니 · -라니요 (informal addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used to ask again or admire an unexpected fact in surprise. TOPIK 4

자주 묻는 질문Common questions

What does -더라 mean in Korean?

-더라 is a sentence ending introduced at 4급 (TOPIK 4). (formal, highly addressee-lowering) A sentence-final ending used to convey in the present a fact the speaker realized anew from the speaker's personal experience. It has 2 distinct senses, all listed on this page.

When do you use -더라?

Attaches after the copula 이다, verbs and adjectives, the honorific -으시-, the past -었- or the future -겠-.

What TOPIK level is -더라?

4급 — TOPIK 4, upper intermediate. It is one of 67 grammar points at that level.

Definition, usage note, examples and dialogue from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.