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-되Korean connective · TOPIK 6

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TOPIK 6 6급Connectives 연결 어미3 senses

One connective with 3 distinct uses in the dictionary. Each is below with its own usage rule and examples.

형태Forms

-되-으되-로되

Which one you use is decided by what comes in front of it — see the usage rule under each meaning below.

A connective ending used when connecting contradictory facts.

대립적인 사실을 이을 때 쓰는 연결 어미.

쓰임Usage

조금 예스러운 느낌이 있다.

예문Examples

죄는 미워하되 사람은 미워하지 말자.

Hate the sin, but not the sinner.

김 회장은 칭찬은 허용하되 비판은 용납하려 하지 않았다.

Chairman Kim allowed praise, but he wouldn't tolerate criticism.

지수는 시립 오케스트라와 때때로 연주를 하되 고정된 자리는 얻지 못했다.

Jisu sometimes performed with the city orchestra, but she couldn't get a permanent position.

대화In conversation

어떻게 수정해 드릴까요?

How would you like me to revise it?

새로움을 강조하되 기존의 스타일은 유지하고 싶어요.

I want to emphasize novelty, but keep the existing style.

A connective ending used when describing the preceding fact and adding conditions, clues, or other relevant content.

어떤 사실을 서술하면서 그에 대한 조건이나 단서, 관련 내용을 뒤에 덧붙이는 뜻을 나타내는 연결 어미.

쓰임Usage

Attaches after the copula 이다, verbs and adjectives or the honorific -으시-.

‘이다’, 동사와 형용사 또는 ‘-으시-’ 뒤에 붙여 쓴다.

예문Examples

용서는 하되 잊지는 말자.

Let's forgive, but not forget.

우리 부부는 자녀에게 용돈을 주되 아껴 쓰라고 말한다.

We give our children an allowance, but we tell them to spend it wisely.

부모의 의견을 말하되 아이의 자신감에 상처를 주진 마세요.

You can share your opinion, but don't hurt the child's confidence.

대화In conversation

이번에 맡은 일이 어려워서 고민이야.

The task I've been given this time is so hard, I'm worried.

열심히 도전은 해 보되 너무 무리하지는 마.

Try your best, but don't overdo it.

A connective ending used to express in advance that the following statement is quoted.

뒤에 오는 말이 인용하는 말임을 미리 나타낼 때 쓰는 연결 어미.

쓰임Usage

'말하다'와 같은 동사에 붙여 쓴다.

예문Examples

그들이 말하되 "너는 누구냐?"

They said, "Who are you?"

그가 내게 묻되 "네가 무엇을 보느냐?", 내가 대답하되 "등대를 보옵니다."

He asked me, "What do you see?" and I answered, "I see a lighthouse."

사람들이 소리를 높여 이르되, "선생님이시여, 우리를 불쌍히 여기소서." 하였다.

The people raised their voices and said, "Teacher, have mercy on us."

관련 문법Related grammar

Other connectives you will meet alongside this one.

-거들랑 -geodeullang -걸랑 A connective ending used to mean "if something is true or turns out to be true." TOPIK 6 -건대 -geondae A connective ending used when the speaker implies in advance that he/she will confess his/her thoughts or hopes, etc., in the following statement. TOPIK 6 -건만 -geonman -건마는 A connective ending used when the actual result is different from the result that was anticipated from the preceding statement. TOPIK 6 -기로서니 -giroseoni A connective ending used when emphasizing this meaning, "however the preceding statement says so." TOPIK 6 -노라면 TOPIK 6 -느니만큼 -neunimankeum -니만큼 · -으니만큼 A connective ending used when admitting to the truth of the preceding statement and saying that it is the cause or reason for the following statement. TOPIK 6

자주 묻는 질문Common questions

What does -되 mean in Korean?

-되 is a connective introduced at 6급 (TOPIK 6). A connective ending used when connecting contradictory facts. It has 3 distinct senses, all listed on this page.

When do you use -되?

Attaches after the copula 이다, verbs and adjectives or the honorific -으시-. The other shape is -으되, -로되 — same point, different environment.

What is the difference between -되 and -으되?

None in meaning — they are two shapes of the same connective, and which one appears is decided by the sound in front of it, not by what you want to say.

What TOPIK level is -되?

6급 — TOPIK 6, mastery. It is one of 56 grammar points at that level.

Definition, usage note, examples and dialogue from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.