비참하다

to be miserable

Principal parts

관형사형Modifier
비참한
아/어Infinitive
비참해
-으니Since
비참하니
합니다Formal
비참합니다

Present

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 비참해요비참합니다비참해비참하다

Past

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 비참했어요비참했습니다비참했어비참했다

Future & presumptive

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
-겠-Will / must be 비참하겠어요비참하겠습니다비참하겠어비참하겠다
-을 것이다Going to 비참할 거예요비참할 것입니다비참할 거야비참할 것이다

Questions

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 비참해요?비참합니까?비참해?비참하니?
과거Past 비참했어요?비참했습니까?비참했어?비참했니?

Negation

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
안Not (short) 안 비참해요안 비참합니다안 비참해안 비참하다
-지 않다Not (long) 비참하지 않아요비참하지 않습니다비참하지 않아비참하지 않다

Honorific

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 비참하세요비참하십니다비참하셔비참하시다
과거Past 비참하셨어요비참하셨습니다비참하셨어비참하셨다

Modifying a noun

현재Present
비참한
과거Past
비참한
미래Future
비참할
회상Used to
비참하던

Joining clauses

-고and
비참하고
-게-ly / so that
비참하게
-어서so / and then
비참해서
-으니까since
비참하니까
-으면if / when
비참하면
-지만but
비참하지만
-는데and / but (setting up)
비참한데
-어도even if
비참해도

Sentence patterns

In real sentences

비참한 최후가 될 것이라든가,

You're going to fail miserably.

나는 비참하고 불행했어.

I was miserable and unhappy.

하지만 비참해지고 싶지 않았어요.

And I shouldn't be miserable.

그 당시에는 꽤 비참하다고 생각했습니다.

At the time, I thought this was all pretty miserable.

Common questions

How do you conjugate 비참하다 in Korean?

비참하다 (to be miserable) is 비참해요 in the polite 해요체, 비참합니다 in formal 합니다체, 비참해 in casual 반말 and 비참하다 in the plain written style. The past is 비참했어요.

What is the past tense of 비참하다?

비참했어요 in everyday polite speech, 비참했습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 비참하여 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.

Is 비참하다 irregular?

Yes — it is 여 irregular (여 불규칙). 하다 and every verb built on it: 하다 → 하여 → 해요. That is why the stem looks different in 비참하여 and 비참하니 but unchanged in 비참합니다.

What TOPIK level is 비참하다?

6급 — TOPIK 6, mastery.

Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.

Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.