갑갑하다 Korean adjective conjugation
to feel stuffy, constrained
Every form of 갑갑하다 across the four speech levels. It is 여 irregular — 하다 and every verb built on it: 하다 → 하여 → 해요.
기본형Principal parts
The four forms the dictionary prints. Every other form on this page is derived from them.
- 관형사형Modifier
- 갑갑한
- 아/어Infinitive
- 갑갑해
- -으니Since
- 갑갑하니
- 합니다Formal
- 갑갑합니다
현재Present
The tense that does the most work. 해요체 is the one to learn first — it is polite without being formal, and it is what most conversation is in.
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 갑갑해요 | 갑갑합니다 | 갑갑해 | 갑갑하다 |
과거Past
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 갑갑했어요 | 갑갑했습니다 | 갑갑했어 | 갑갑했다 |
미래·추측Future & presumptive
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -겠-Will / must be | 갑갑하겠어요 | 갑갑하겠습니다 | 갑갑하겠어 | 갑갑하겠다 |
| -을 것이다Going to | 갑갑할 거예요 | 갑갑할 것입니다 | 갑갑할 거야 | 갑갑할 것이다 |
의문Questions
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 갑갑해요? | 갑갑합니까? | 갑갑해? | 갑갑하니? |
| 과거Past | 갑갑했어요? | 갑갑했습니까? | 갑갑했어? | 갑갑했니? |
부정Negation
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 안Not (short) | 안 갑갑해요 | 안 갑갑합니다 | 안 갑갑해 | 안 갑갑하다 |
| -지 않다Not (long) | 갑갑하지 않아요 | 갑갑하지 않습니다 | 갑갑하지 않아 | 갑갑하지 않다 |
높임Honorific
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 갑갑하세요 | 갑갑하십니다 | 갑갑하셔 | 갑갑하시다 |
| 과거Past | 갑갑하셨어요 | 갑갑하셨습니다 | 갑갑하셨어 | 갑갑하셨다 |
관형사형Modifying a noun
- 현재Present
- 갑갑한
- 과거Past
- 갑갑한
- 미래Future
- 갑갑할
- 회상Used to
- 갑갑하던
연결Joining clauses
- -고and
- 갑갑하고
- -게-ly / so that
- 갑갑하게
- -어서so / and then
- 갑갑해서
- -으니까since
- 갑갑하니까
- -으면if / when
- 갑갑하면
- -지만but
- 갑갑하지만
- -는데and / but (setting up)
- 갑갑한데
- -어도even if
- 갑갑해도
문형Sentence patterns
How the dictionary says this verb is used. The numbers are slots: 1 is the subject, 2 the object.
- 1이 2가 갑갑하다
예문In real sentences
From the dictionary, each with its translation.
얘야. 우리 야옹이가 갑갑하잖니."
You need to air out your Pussycat."
계속 가슴이 갑갑해지니까 오히려 아픈듯한 느낌을 받았어요.
But it started to sink lower and lower and almost hurt.
가슴을 누른 듯한 갑갑한 느낌은 더욱 시간이 갈수록 심해졌고
And the feeling on my chest got worse and worse.
하지만 기분이 나아지기보단 오히려 가슴이 갑갑해지기 시작했습니다. 안 좋은 소식을 들었을 때 느끼는 그런 감정이라고 할까요.
But the feeling just kept getting worse, and I started to feel this pressure in my chest, sort of like the feeling when you get bad news.
자주 묻는 질문Common questions
How do you conjugate 갑갑하다 in Korean?
갑갑하다 (to feel stuffy, constrained) is 갑갑해요 in the polite 해요체, 갑갑합니다 in formal 합니다체, 갑갑해 in casual 반말 and 갑갑하다 in the plain written style. The past is 갑갑했어요.
What is the past tense of 갑갑하다?
갑갑했어요 in everyday polite speech, 갑갑했습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 갑갑하여 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.
Is 갑갑하다 irregular?
Yes — it is 여 irregular (여 불규칙). 하다 and every verb built on it: 하다 → 하여 → 해요. That is why the stem looks different in 갑갑하여 and 갑갑하니 but unchanged in 갑갑합니다.
What TOPIK level is 갑갑하다?
5급 — TOPIK 5, advanced.
Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.
Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.