곤란하다

to be difficult, hard

Principal parts

관형사형Modifier
곤란한
아/어Infinitive
곤란해
-으니Since
곤란하니
합니다Formal
곤란합니다

Present

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 곤란해요곤란합니다곤란해곤란하다

Past

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 곤란했어요곤란했습니다곤란했어곤란했다

Future & presumptive

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
-겠-Will / must be 곤란하겠어요곤란하겠습니다곤란하겠어곤란하겠다
-을 것이다Going to 곤란할 거예요곤란할 것입니다곤란할 거야곤란할 것이다

Questions

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 곤란해요?곤란합니까?곤란해?곤란하니?
과거Past 곤란했어요?곤란했습니까?곤란했어?곤란했니?

Negation

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
안Not (short) 안 곤란해요안 곤란합니다안 곤란해안 곤란하다
-지 않다Not (long) 곤란하지 않아요곤란하지 않습니다곤란하지 않아곤란하지 않다

Honorific

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 곤란하세요곤란하십니다곤란하셔곤란하시다
과거Past 곤란하셨어요곤란하셨습니다곤란하셨어곤란하셨다

Modifying a noun

현재Present
곤란한
과거Past
곤란한
미래Future
곤란할
회상Used to
곤란하던

Joining clauses

-고and
곤란하고
-게-ly / so that
곤란하게
-어서so / and then
곤란해서
-으니까since
곤란하니까
-으면if / when
곤란하면
-지만but
곤란하지만
-는데and / but (setting up)
곤란한데
-어도even if
곤란해도

Sentence patterns

In real sentences

내가 너에게 곤란하게 했던 것 같다.

It looks like I'm stuck with you.

이 카드는 참 곤란하게 해요.

These cards are disruptive.

정보는 지나치게 많고 곤란한 문제도 정말 많기 때문에

There's just too much information, too much stuff to contend with.

곤란한 현실이란 우리의 발전이 충분히 빠르지 않다는 것입니다.

The awkward reality is we're not making fast enough progress.

Common questions

How do you conjugate 곤란하다 in Korean?

곤란하다 (to be difficult, hard) is 곤란해요 in the polite 해요체, 곤란합니다 in formal 합니다체, 곤란해 in casual 반말 and 곤란하다 in the plain written style. The past is 곤란했어요.

What is the past tense of 곤란하다?

곤란했어요 in everyday polite speech, 곤란했습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 곤란하여 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.

Is 곤란하다 irregular?

Yes — it is 여 irregular (여 불규칙). 하다 and every verb built on it: 하다 → 하여 → 해요. That is why the stem looks different in 곤란하여 and 곤란하니 but unchanged in 곤란합니다.

What TOPIK level is 곤란하다?

3급 — TOPIK 3, lower intermediate.

Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.

Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.