곤란하다 Korean adjective conjugation
to be difficult, hard
Every form of 곤란하다 across the four speech levels. It is 여 irregular — 하다 and every verb built on it: 하다 → 하여 → 해요.
기본형Principal parts
The four forms the dictionary prints. Every other form on this page is derived from them.
- 관형사형Modifier
- 곤란한
- 아/어Infinitive
- 곤란해
- -으니Since
- 곤란하니
- 합니다Formal
- 곤란합니다
현재Present
The tense that does the most work. 해요체 is the one to learn first — it is polite without being formal, and it is what most conversation is in.
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 곤란해요 | 곤란합니다 | 곤란해 | 곤란하다 |
과거Past
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 곤란했어요 | 곤란했습니다 | 곤란했어 | 곤란했다 |
미래·추측Future & presumptive
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -겠-Will / must be | 곤란하겠어요 | 곤란하겠습니다 | 곤란하겠어 | 곤란하겠다 |
| -을 것이다Going to | 곤란할 거예요 | 곤란할 것입니다 | 곤란할 거야 | 곤란할 것이다 |
의문Questions
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 곤란해요? | 곤란합니까? | 곤란해? | 곤란하니? |
| 과거Past | 곤란했어요? | 곤란했습니까? | 곤란했어? | 곤란했니? |
부정Negation
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 안Not (short) | 안 곤란해요 | 안 곤란합니다 | 안 곤란해 | 안 곤란하다 |
| -지 않다Not (long) | 곤란하지 않아요 | 곤란하지 않습니다 | 곤란하지 않아 | 곤란하지 않다 |
높임Honorific
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 곤란하세요 | 곤란하십니다 | 곤란하셔 | 곤란하시다 |
| 과거Past | 곤란하셨어요 | 곤란하셨습니다 | 곤란하셨어 | 곤란하셨다 |
관형사형Modifying a noun
- 현재Present
- 곤란한
- 과거Past
- 곤란한
- 미래Future
- 곤란할
- 회상Used to
- 곤란하던
연결Joining clauses
- -고and
- 곤란하고
- -게-ly / so that
- 곤란하게
- -어서so / and then
- 곤란해서
- -으니까since
- 곤란하니까
- -으면if / when
- 곤란하면
- -지만but
- 곤란하지만
- -는데and / but (setting up)
- 곤란한데
- -어도even if
- 곤란해도
문형Sentence patterns
How the dictionary says this verb is used. The numbers are slots: 1 is the subject, 2 the object.
- 1이 곤란하다
예문In real sentences
From the dictionary, each with its translation.
내가 너에게 곤란하게 했던 것 같다.
It looks like I'm stuck with you.
이 카드는 참 곤란하게 해요.
These cards are disruptive.
정보는 지나치게 많고 곤란한 문제도 정말 많기 때문에
There's just too much information, too much stuff to contend with.
곤란한 현실이란 우리의 발전이 충분히 빠르지 않다는 것입니다.
The awkward reality is we're not making fast enough progress.
자주 묻는 질문Common questions
How do you conjugate 곤란하다 in Korean?
곤란하다 (to be difficult, hard) is 곤란해요 in the polite 해요체, 곤란합니다 in formal 합니다체, 곤란해 in casual 반말 and 곤란하다 in the plain written style. The past is 곤란했어요.
What is the past tense of 곤란하다?
곤란했어요 in everyday polite speech, 곤란했습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 곤란하여 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.
Is 곤란하다 irregular?
Yes — it is 여 irregular (여 불규칙). 하다 and every verb built on it: 하다 → 하여 → 해요. That is why the stem looks different in 곤란하여 and 곤란하니 but unchanged in 곤란합니다.
What TOPIK level is 곤란하다?
3급 — TOPIK 3, lower intermediate.
Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.
Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.