굳다 Korean adjective conjugation
to be hard
Every form of 굳다 across the four speech levels. It is a regular stem, so the endings below attach without changing it.
기본형Principal parts
The four forms the dictionary prints. Every other form on this page is derived from them.
- 관형사형Modifier
- 굳은
- 아/어Infinitive
- 굳어
- -으니Since
- 굳으니
- 합니다Formal
- 굳습니다
현재Present
The tense that does the most work. 해요체 is the one to learn first — it is polite without being formal, and it is what most conversation is in.
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 굳어요 | 굳습니다 | 굳어 | 굳다 |
과거Past
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 굳었어요 | 굳었습니다 | 굳었어 | 굳었다 |
미래·추측Future & presumptive
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -겠-Will / must be | 굳겠어요 | 굳겠습니다 | 굳겠어 | 굳겠다 |
| -을 것이다Going to | 굳을 거예요 | 굳을 것입니다 | 굳을 거야 | 굳을 것이다 |
의문Questions
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 굳어요? | 굳습니까? | 굳어? | 굳으니? |
| 과거Past | 굳었어요? | 굳었습니까? | 굳었어? | 굳었니? |
부정Negation
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 안Not (short) | 안 굳어요 | 안 굳습니다 | 안 굳어 | 안 굳다 |
| -지 않다Not (long) | 굳지 않아요 | 굳지 않습니다 | 굳지 않아 | 굳지 않다 |
높임Honorific
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 굳으세요 | 굳으십니다 | 굳으셔 | 굳으시다 |
| 과거Past | 굳으셨어요 | 굳으셨습니다 | 굳으셨어 | 굳으셨다 |
관형사형Modifying a noun
- 현재Present
- 굳은
- 과거Past
- 굳은
- 미래Future
- 굳을
- 회상Used to
- 굳던
연결Joining clauses
- -고and
- 굳고
- -게-ly / so that
- 굳게
- -어서so / and then
- 굳어서
- -으니까since
- 굳으니까
- -으면if / when
- 굳으면
- -지만but
- 굳지만
- -는데and / but (setting up)
- 굳은데
- -어도even if
- 굳어도
문형Sentence patterns
How the dictionary says this verb is used. The numbers are slots: 1 is the subject, 2 the object.
- 1이 굳다
예문In real sentences
From the dictionary, each with its translation.
영어 시험을 봤더니 내 뇌가 굳었어.
After that English exam, my brain is fried.
그는 교육을 굳게 믿습니다.
He's a big believer in education.
목표를 향해 마음을 굳게 가지라는 거죠.
Firmly stand your heart at your goal.
우리의 생각은 하나에 굳어 있지 않습니다.
Our attitudes are not set in stone.
자주 묻는 질문Common questions
How do you conjugate 굳다 in Korean?
굳다 (to be hard) is 굳어요 in the polite 해요체, 굳습니다 in formal 합니다체, 굳어 in casual 반말 and 굳다 in the plain written style. The past is 굳었어요.
What is the past tense of 굳다?
굳었어요 in everyday polite speech, 굳었습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 굳어 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.
Is 굳다 a regular verb?
Yes. Its stem never changes shape: 굳습니다, 굳어, 굳으니 all keep 굳 intact. Only the ending moves.
What TOPIK level is 굳다?
4급 — TOPIK 4, upper intermediate.
Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.
Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.