굳다

to be hard

TOPIK 4 4급adjective 형용사regular 규칙Dictionary entry 단어

Principal parts

관형사형Modifier
굳은
아/어Infinitive
굳어
-으니Since
굳으니
합니다Formal
굳습니다

Present

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 굳어요굳습니다굳어굳다

Past

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 굳었어요굳었습니다굳었어굳었다

Future & presumptive

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
-겠-Will / must be 굳겠어요굳겠습니다굳겠어굳겠다
-을 것이다Going to 굳을 거예요굳을 것입니다굳을 거야굳을 것이다

Questions

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 굳어요?굳습니까?굳어?굳으니?
과거Past 굳었어요?굳었습니까?굳었어?굳었니?

Negation

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
안Not (short) 안 굳어요안 굳습니다안 굳어안 굳다
-지 않다Not (long) 굳지 않아요굳지 않습니다굳지 않아굳지 않다

Honorific

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 굳으세요굳으십니다굳으셔굳으시다
과거Past 굳으셨어요굳으셨습니다굳으셨어굳으셨다

Modifying a noun

현재Present
굳은
과거Past
굳은
미래Future
굳을
회상Used to
굳던

Joining clauses

-고and
굳고
-게-ly / so that
굳게
-어서so / and then
굳어서
-으니까since
굳으니까
-으면if / when
굳으면
-지만but
굳지만
-는데and / but (setting up)
굳은데
-어도even if
굳어도

Sentence patterns

In real sentences

영어 시험을 봤더니 내 뇌가 굳었어.

After that English exam, my brain is fried.

그는 교육을 굳게 믿습니다.

He's a big believer in education.

목표를 향해 마음을 굳게 가지라는 거죠.

Firmly stand your heart at your goal.

우리의 생각은 하나에 굳어 있지 않습니다.

Our attitudes are not set in stone.

Common questions

How do you conjugate 굳다 in Korean?

굳다 (to be hard) is 굳어요 in the polite 해요체, 굳습니다 in formal 합니다체, 굳어 in casual 반말 and 굳다 in the plain written style. The past is 굳었어요.

What is the past tense of 굳다?

굳었어요 in everyday polite speech, 굳었습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 굳어 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.

Is 굳다 a regular verb?

Yes. Its stem never changes shape: 굳습니다, 굳어, 굳으니 all keep 굳 intact. Only the ending moves.

What TOPIK level is 굳다?

4급 — TOPIK 4, upper intermediate.

Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.

Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.