굳다 Korean verb conjugation

to become hard

TOPIK 4 4급verb 동사regular 규칙Dictionary entry 단어

Every form of 굳다 across the four speech levels. It is a regular stem, so the endings below attach without changing it.

기본형Principal parts

The four forms the dictionary prints. Every other form on this page is derived from them.

관형사형Modifier
굳는
아/어Infinitive
굳어
-으니Since
굳으니
합니다Formal
굳습니다

현재Present

The tense that does the most work. 해요체 is the one to learn first — it is polite without being formal, and it is what most conversation is in.

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 굳어요굳습니다굳어굳는다

과거Past

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 굳었어요굳었습니다굳었어굳었다

미래·추측Future & presumptive

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
-겠-Will / must be 굳겠어요굳겠습니다굳겠어굳겠다
-을 것이다Going to 굳을 거예요굳을 것입니다굳을 거야굳을 것이다

의문Questions

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 굳어요?굳습니까?굳어?굳니?
과거Past 굳었어요?굳었습니까?굳었어?굳었니?

명령Commands

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
명령Do it 굳으세요굳으십시오굳어굳어라
청유Let's 굳어요굳읍시다굳어굳자

부정Negation

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
Not (short) 안 굳어요안 굳습니다안 굳어안 굳는다
-지 않다Not (long) 굳지 않아요굳지 않습니다굳지 않아굳지 않는다
Cannot 못 굳어요못 굳습니다못 굳어못 굳는다

높임Honorific

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 굳으세요굳으십니다굳으셔굳으신다
과거Past 굳으셨어요굳으셨습니다굳으셨어굳으셨다

관형사형Modifying a noun

현재Present
굳는
과거Past
굳은
미래Future
굳을
회상Used to
굳던

연결Joining clauses

-고and
굳고
-게-ly / so that
굳게
-어서so / and then
굳어서
-으니까since
굳으니까
-으면if / when
굳으면
-지만but
굳지만
-는데and / but (setting up)
굳는데
-어도even if
굳어도

진행In progress

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Is doing 굳고 있어요굳고 있습니다굳고 있어굳고 있다
과거Was doing 굳고 있었어요굳고 있었습니다굳고 있었어굳고 있었다

문형Sentence patterns

How the dictionary says this verb is used. The numbers are slots: 1 is the subject, 2 the object.

예문In real sentences

From the dictionary, each with its translation.

영어 시험을 봤더니 내 뇌가 굳었어.

After that English exam, my brain is fried.

그는 교육을 굳게 믿습니다.

He's a big believer in education.

목표를 향해 마음을 굳게 가지라는 거죠.

Firmly stand your heart at your goal.

우리의 생각은 하나에 굳어 있지 않습니다.

Our attitudes are not set in stone.

자주 묻는 질문Common questions

How do you conjugate 굳다 in Korean?

굳다 (to become hard) is 굳어요 in the polite 해요체, 굳습니다 in formal 합니다체, 굳어 in casual 반말 and 굳는다 in the plain written style. The past is 굳었어요.

What is the past tense of 굳다?

굳었어요 in everyday polite speech, 굳었습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 굳어 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.

Is 굳다 a regular verb?

Yes. Its stem never changes shape: 굳습니다, 굳어, 굳으니 all keep 굳 intact. Only the ending moves.

What TOPIK level is 굳다?

4급 — TOPIK 4, upper intermediate.

Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.

Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.