겹다
to be too much (for someone)
Principal parts
- 관형사형Modifier
- 겨운
- 아/어Infinitive
- 겨워
- -으니Since
- 겨우니
- 합니다Formal
- 겹습니다
Present
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 겨워요 | 겹습니다 | 겨워 | 겹다 |
Past
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 겨웠어요 | 겨웠습니다 | 겨웠어 | 겨웠다 |
Future & presumptive
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -겠-Will / must be | 겹겠어요 | 겹겠습니다 | 겹겠어 | 겹겠다 |
| -을 것이다Going to | 겨울 거예요 | 겨울 것입니다 | 겨울 거야 | 겨울 것이다 |
Questions
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 겨워요? | 겹습니까? | 겨워? | 겨우니? |
| 과거Past | 겨웠어요? | 겨웠습니까? | 겨웠어? | 겨웠니? |
Negation
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 안Not (short) | 안 겨워요 | 안 겹습니다 | 안 겨워 | 안 겹다 |
| -지 않다Not (long) | 겹지 않아요 | 겹지 않습니다 | 겹지 않아 | 겹지 않다 |
Honorific
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 겨우세요 | 겨우십니다 | 겨우셔 | 겨우시다 |
| 과거Past | 겨우셨어요 | 겨우셨습니다 | 겨우셨어 | 겨우셨다 |
Modifying a noun
- 현재Present
- 겨운
- 과거Past
- 겨운
- 미래Future
- 겨울
- 회상Used to
- 겹던
Joining clauses
- -고and
- 겹고
- -게-ly / so that
- 겹게
- -어서so / and then
- 겨워서
- -으니까since
- 겨우니까
- -으면if / when
- 겨우면
- -지만but
- 겹지만
- -는데and / but (setting up)
- 겨운데
- -어도even if
- 겨워도
Sentence patterns
- 1이 2에 겹다
- 1이 겹다
In real sentences
그는 감격에 겨워 말을 여물지 못했다
It was too emotional for him so he couldn't finish his words.
결국 이야기는 점차 큰 원을 그려 나가며 흥에 겨워 빙글빙글 춤추는 사람들처럼 움직이죠.
In the end, stories move like whirling dervishes, drawing circles beyond circles.
불을 얻으려 힙겹게 산에 올라갔고 성화를 운반하듯 불을 운반했지
With much difficulty, he climbed the mountain to obtain fire, and brought it down to the first vehicles.
괜히 요즘 신경질만 부리셔 누가 흥에 겨워서 쏘다니는 줄 아세요?
You're being jumpy these days. I'm not going out for fun, you know.
Common questions
How do you conjugate 겹다 in Korean?
겹다 (to be too much (for someone)) is 겨워요 in the polite 해요체, 겹습니다 in formal 합니다체, 겨워 in casual 반말 and 겹다 in the plain written style. The past is 겨웠어요.
What is the past tense of 겹다?
겨웠어요 in everyday polite speech, 겨웠습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 겨워 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.
Is 겹다 irregular?
Yes — it is ㅂ irregular (ㅂ 불규칙). ㅂ becomes 우 before a vowel: 춥다 → 추워요. That is why the stem looks different in 겨워 and 겨우니 but unchanged in 겹습니다.
What TOPIK level is 겹다?
It carries no TOPIK grade. That is a fact about the published word lists rather than about the word — it conjugates by exactly the same rules as everything else.
Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.
Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.