헛되다

vain, fruitless

TOPIK 5 5급adjective 형용사regular 규칙Dictionary entry 단어

Principal parts

관형사형Modifier
헛된
아/어Infinitive
헛돼
-으니Since
헛되니
합니다Formal
헛됩니다

Present

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 헛돼요헛됩니다헛돼헛되다

Past

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 헛됐어요헛됐습니다헛됐어헛됐다

Future & presumptive

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
-겠-Will / must be 헛되겠어요헛되겠습니다헛되겠어헛되겠다
-을 것이다Going to 헛될 거예요헛될 것입니다헛될 거야헛될 것이다

Questions

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 헛돼요?헛됩니까?헛돼?헛되니?
과거Past 헛됐어요?헛됐습니까?헛됐어?헛됐니?

Negation

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
안Not (short) 안 헛돼요안 헛됩니다안 헛돼안 헛되다
-지 않다Not (long) 헛되지 않아요헛되지 않습니다헛되지 않아헛되지 않다

Honorific

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 헛되세요헛되십니다헛되셔헛되시다
과거Past 헛되셨어요헛되셨습니다헛되셨어헛되셨다

Modifying a noun

현재Present
헛된
과거Past
헛된
미래Future
헛될
회상Used to
헛되던

Joining clauses

-고and
헛되고
-게-ly / so that
헛되게
-어서so / and then
헛돼서
-으니까since
헛되니까
-으면if / when
헛되면
-지만but
헛되지만
-는데and / but (setting up)
헛된데
-어도even if
헛돼도

Sentence patterns

In real sentences

네, 해양 청소는 헛된 노력일 수도 있습니다.

And so, OK, maybe cleaning the ocean is futile.

그렇다고 그들의 노력이 헛되고 의미 없는 건가요?

Does that make their contribution futile and meaningless?

그러지 않으면, 당신은 헛된 희망에 기대고, 나아가지 못하게 됩니다.

Otherwise, your mind will feed on your hope and set you back.

여러 달 동안 헛된 노력을 계속했던 이유는 무엇일까요?

But what compelled her to commit to it for so many months?

Common questions

How do you conjugate 헛되다 in Korean?

헛되다 (vain, fruitless) is 헛돼요 in the polite 해요체, 헛됩니다 in formal 합니다체, 헛돼 in casual 반말 and 헛되다 in the plain written style. The past is 헛됐어요.

What is the past tense of 헛되다?

헛됐어요 in everyday polite speech, 헛됐습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 헛돼 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.

Is 헛되다 a regular verb?

Yes. Its stem never changes shape: 헛됩니다, 헛돼, 헛되니 all keep 헛되 intact. Only the ending moves.

What TOPIK level is 헛되다?

5급 — TOPIK 5, advanced.

Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.

Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.