힘들다

to be hard, difficult

Principal parts

관형사형Modifier
힘든
아/어Infinitive
힘들어
-으니Since
힘드니
합니다Formal
힘듭니다

Present

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 힘들어요힘듭니다힘들어힘들다

Past

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 힘들었어요힘들었습니다힘들었어힘들었다

Future & presumptive

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
-겠-Will / must be 힘들겠어요힘들겠습니다힘들겠어힘들겠다
-을 것이다Going to 힘들 거예요힘들 것입니다힘들 거야힘들 것이다

Questions

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 힘들어요?힘듭니까?힘들어?힘드니?
과거Past 힘들었어요?힘들었습니까?힘들었어?힘들었니?

Negation

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
안Not (short) 안 힘들어요안 힘듭니다안 힘들어안 힘들다
-지 않다Not (long) 힘들지 않아요힘들지 않습니다힘들지 않아힘들지 않다

Honorific

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 힘드세요힘드십니다힘드셔힘드시다
과거Past 힘드셨어요힘드셨습니다힘드셨어힘드셨다

Modifying a noun

현재Present
힘든
과거Past
힘든
미래Future
힘들
회상Used to
힘들던

Joining clauses

-고and
힘들고
-게-ly / so that
힘들게
-어서so / and then
힘들어서
-으니까since
힘드니까
-으면if / when
힘들면
-지만but
힘들지만
-는데and / but (setting up)
힘든데
-어도even if
힘들어도

Sentence patterns

In real sentences

톰은 힘든 시간을 보내고 있어.

Tom is having a tough time.

힘든 부분이 여기 있죠.

And herein lies the challenge.

물론 힘들 때도 있습니다.

Of course there are challenges.

매우 읽기 힘든 것들이죠.

And it's really tough.

Common questions

How do you conjugate 힘들다 in Korean?

힘들다 (to be hard, difficult) is 힘들어요 in the polite 해요체, 힘듭니다 in formal 합니다체, 힘들어 in casual 반말 and 힘들다 in the plain written style. The past is 힘들었어요.

What is the past tense of 힘들다?

힘들었어요 in everyday polite speech, 힘들었습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 힘들어 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.

Is 힘들다 irregular?

Yes — it is ㄹ dropping (ㄹ 탈락). ㄹ drops before ㄴ, ㅂ and ㅅ: 살다 → 삽니다. Regular, but universal. That is why the stem looks different in 힘들어 and 힘드니 but unchanged in 힘듭니다.

What TOPIK level is 힘들다?

1급 — TOPIK 1, beginner.

Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.

Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.