꿋꿋하다

to be firm

Principal parts

관형사형Modifier
꿋꿋한
아/어Infinitive
꿋꿋해
-으니Since
꿋꿋하니
합니다Formal
꿋꿋합니다

Present

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 꿋꿋해요꿋꿋합니다꿋꿋해꿋꿋하다

Past

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
서술Statement 꿋꿋했어요꿋꿋했습니다꿋꿋했어꿋꿋했다

Future & presumptive

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
-겠-Will / must be 꿋꿋하겠어요꿋꿋하겠습니다꿋꿋하겠어꿋꿋하겠다
-을 것이다Going to 꿋꿋할 거예요꿋꿋할 것입니다꿋꿋할 거야꿋꿋할 것이다

Questions

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 꿋꿋해요?꿋꿋합니까?꿋꿋해?꿋꿋하니?
과거Past 꿋꿋했어요?꿋꿋했습니까?꿋꿋했어?꿋꿋했니?

Negation

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
안Not (short) 안 꿋꿋해요안 꿋꿋합니다안 꿋꿋해안 꿋꿋하다
-지 않다Not (long) 꿋꿋하지 않아요꿋꿋하지 않습니다꿋꿋하지 않아꿋꿋하지 않다

Honorific

해요체Polite합니다체Formal해체Casual한다체Plain
현재Present 꿋꿋하세요꿋꿋하십니다꿋꿋하셔꿋꿋하시다
과거Past 꿋꿋하셨어요꿋꿋하셨습니다꿋꿋하셨어꿋꿋하셨다

Modifying a noun

현재Present
꿋꿋한
과거Past
꿋꿋한
미래Future
꿋꿋할
회상Used to
꿋꿋하던

Joining clauses

-고and
꿋꿋하고
-게-ly / so that
꿋꿋하게
-어서so / and then
꿋꿋해서
-으니까since
꿋꿋하니까
-으면if / when
꿋꿋하면
-지만but
꿋꿋하지만
-는데and / but (setting up)
꿋꿋한데
-어도even if
꿋꿋해도

Sentence patterns

In real sentences

꿋꿋한 기상

a steadfast spirit

저는 창의적이고 꿋꿋하니까

I'm creative and resilient.

가장 강하고, 용감한 사람이 택하는 선택의 길입니다. 온유함이란 약함이 아니라 꿋꿋한 인내입니다.

Yes, tenderness is the path of choice for the strongest, most courageous men and women.

Common questions

How do you conjugate 꿋꿋하다 in Korean?

꿋꿋하다 (to be firm) is 꿋꿋해요 in the polite 해요체, 꿋꿋합니다 in formal 합니다체, 꿋꿋해 in casual 반말 and 꿋꿋하다 in the plain written style. The past is 꿋꿋했어요.

What is the past tense of 꿋꿋하다?

꿋꿋했어요 in everyday polite speech, 꿋꿋했습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 꿋꿋하여 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.

Is 꿋꿋하다 irregular?

Yes — it is 여 irregular (여 불규칙). 하다 and every verb built on it: 하다 → 하여 → 해요. That is why the stem looks different in 꿋꿋하여 and 꿋꿋하니 but unchanged in 꿋꿋합니다.

What TOPIK level is 꿋꿋하다?

It carries no TOPIK grade. That is a fact about the published word lists rather than about the word — it conjugates by exactly the same rules as everything else.

Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.

Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.