꿋꿋하다 Korean adjective conjugation
to be firm
Every form of 꿋꿋하다 across the four speech levels. It is 여 irregular — 하다 and every verb built on it: 하다 → 하여 → 해요.
기본형Principal parts
The four forms the dictionary prints. Every other form on this page is derived from them.
- 관형사형Modifier
- 꿋꿋한
- 아/어Infinitive
- 꿋꿋해
- -으니Since
- 꿋꿋하니
- 합니다Formal
- 꿋꿋합니다
현재Present
The tense that does the most work. 해요체 is the one to learn first — it is polite without being formal, and it is what most conversation is in.
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 꿋꿋해요 | 꿋꿋합니다 | 꿋꿋해 | 꿋꿋하다 |
과거Past
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 서술Statement | 꿋꿋했어요 | 꿋꿋했습니다 | 꿋꿋했어 | 꿋꿋했다 |
미래·추측Future & presumptive
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -겠-Will / must be | 꿋꿋하겠어요 | 꿋꿋하겠습니다 | 꿋꿋하겠어 | 꿋꿋하겠다 |
| -을 것이다Going to | 꿋꿋할 거예요 | 꿋꿋할 것입니다 | 꿋꿋할 거야 | 꿋꿋할 것이다 |
의문Questions
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 꿋꿋해요? | 꿋꿋합니까? | 꿋꿋해? | 꿋꿋하니? |
| 과거Past | 꿋꿋했어요? | 꿋꿋했습니까? | 꿋꿋했어? | 꿋꿋했니? |
부정Negation
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 안Not (short) | 안 꿋꿋해요 | 안 꿋꿋합니다 | 안 꿋꿋해 | 안 꿋꿋하다 |
| -지 않다Not (long) | 꿋꿋하지 않아요 | 꿋꿋하지 않습니다 | 꿋꿋하지 않아 | 꿋꿋하지 않다 |
높임Honorific
| 해요체Polite | 합니다체Formal | 해체Casual | 한다체Plain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 현재Present | 꿋꿋하세요 | 꿋꿋하십니다 | 꿋꿋하셔 | 꿋꿋하시다 |
| 과거Past | 꿋꿋하셨어요 | 꿋꿋하셨습니다 | 꿋꿋하셨어 | 꿋꿋하셨다 |
관형사형Modifying a noun
- 현재Present
- 꿋꿋한
- 과거Past
- 꿋꿋한
- 미래Future
- 꿋꿋할
- 회상Used to
- 꿋꿋하던
연결Joining clauses
- -고and
- 꿋꿋하고
- -게-ly / so that
- 꿋꿋하게
- -어서so / and then
- 꿋꿋해서
- -으니까since
- 꿋꿋하니까
- -으면if / when
- 꿋꿋하면
- -지만but
- 꿋꿋하지만
- -는데and / but (setting up)
- 꿋꿋한데
- -어도even if
- 꿋꿋해도
문형Sentence patterns
How the dictionary says this verb is used. The numbers are slots: 1 is the subject, 2 the object.
- 1이 꿋꿋하다
예문In real sentences
From the dictionary, each with its translation.
꿋꿋한 기상
a steadfast spirit
저는 창의적이고 꿋꿋하니까
I'm creative and resilient.
가장 강하고, 용감한 사람이 택하는 선택의 길입니다. 온유함이란 약함이 아니라 꿋꿋한 인내입니다.
Yes, tenderness is the path of choice for the strongest, most courageous men and women.
자주 묻는 질문Common questions
How do you conjugate 꿋꿋하다 in Korean?
꿋꿋하다 (to be firm) is 꿋꿋해요 in the polite 해요체, 꿋꿋합니다 in formal 합니다체, 꿋꿋해 in casual 반말 and 꿋꿋하다 in the plain written style. The past is 꿋꿋했어요.
What is the past tense of 꿋꿋하다?
꿋꿋했어요 in everyday polite speech, 꿋꿋했습니다 formally. It is built from the 아/어 form 꿋꿋하여 plus ㅆ, which is why an irregular stem shows its irregularity here.
Is 꿋꿋하다 irregular?
Yes — it is 여 irregular (여 불규칙). 하다 and every verb built on it: 하다 → 하여 → 해요. That is why the stem looks different in 꿋꿋하여 and 꿋꿋하니 but unchanged in 꿋꿋합니다.
What TOPIK level is 꿋꿋하다?
It carries no TOPIK grade. That is a fact about the published word lists rather than about the word — it conjugates by exactly the same rules as everything else.
Dictionary form, meaning, sentence patterns, examples and audio from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.
Conjugations are generated by this site's own engine and checked against the 9,380 forms the dictionary publishes on every build.