ㄷ 불규칙Korean ㄷ irregular Verbs

ㄷ becomes ㄹ before a vowel: 듣다 → 들어요.

9 verbs and adjectives follow this pattern.

규칙The rule, worked through

The stem changes in front of a vowel and stays put in front of a consonant. Both are shown.

Verb+ 습니다 (consonant)+ 아/어 (vowel)+ 으니 (vowel)
듣다to listen, to hear 듣습니다 들어 들으니
깨닫다to realize 깨닫습니다 깨달아 깨달으니
싣다to load 싣습니다 실어 실으니

전체 목록All 9 ㄷ irregular verbs

Showing 1–9 of 9 verbs

Showing 1–9 of 9 verbs

자주 묻는 질문Common questions

What is the ㄷ irregular in Korean?

ㄷ becomes ㄹ before a vowel: 듣다 → 들어요. 9 verbs and adjectives in this dataset follow it.

When does the ㄷ 불규칙 change happen?

In front of a vowel, and only there. The dictionary form and every consonant-initial ending — -고, -지, -습니다 — leave the stem exactly as it is; it is 아/어 and 으 endings that trigger the change.