ㄷ irregular Verbs

The rule, worked through

Verb	+ 습니다 (consonant)	+ 아/어 (vowel)	+ 으니 (vowel)
듣다to listen, to hear	듣습니다	들어	들으니
깨닫다to realize	깨닫습니다	깨달아	깨달으니
싣다to load	싣습니다	실어	실으니

All 9 ㄷ irregular verbs

Showing 1–9 of 9 verbs

듣다 to listen, to hear 들어요 ㄷ 불규칙 TOPIK 1 깨닫다 to realize 깨달아요 ㄷ 불규칙 TOPIK 4 싣다 to load 실어요 ㄷ 불규칙 TOPIK 2 알아듣다 to understand, to comprehend 알아들어요 ㄷ 불규칙 TOPIK 3 일컫다 to call, to refer to as 일컬어요 ㄷ 불규칙 TOPIK 6 치닫다 to rush upwards 치달아요 ㄷ 불규칙 TOPIK 6 붇다 to swell up 불어요 ㄷ 불규칙 Common 긷다 scooping up water using a ladle or scoop 길어요 ㄷ 불규칙 Common 캐묻다 to pry into 캐물어요 ㄷ 불규칙 TOPIK 6

Showing 1–9 of 9 verbs

Common questions

What is the ㄷ irregular in Korean?

ㄷ becomes ㄹ before a vowel: 듣다 → 들어요. 9 verbs and adjectives in this dataset follow it.

When does the ㄷ 불규칙 change happen?

In front of a vowel, and only there. The dictionary form and every consonant-initial ending — -고, -지, -습니다 — leave the stem exactly as it is; it is 아/어 and 으 endings that trigger the change.