-으므로Korean connective · TOPIK 4

-eumeuro

TOPIK 4 4급 Connectives 연결 어미

A connective ending used to indicate a reason or cause.

형태Forms

-으므로-므로

Which one you use is decided by what comes in front of it — see the usage rule under each meaning below.

A connective ending used to indicate a reason or cause.

원인이나 이유를 나타내는 연결 어미.

쓰임Usage

Attaches after verbs and adjectives ending in a consonant other than ㄹ, the past -었- or the future -겠-.

‘ㄹ’을 제외한 받침 있는 동사와 형용사 또는 ‘-었-’, ‘-겠-’ 뒤에 붙여 쓴다.

예문Examples

정말 최선을 다했으므로 더 이상 아쉬움은 없다.

Since I truly gave my best effort, there's no more regret.

최근에 산 책을 재미있게 읽었으므로 소개하고자 합니다.

I read a book I recently bought with great interest, so I'd like to introduce it.

전기 제품에 물이 닿으면 위험할 수 있으므로 조심해야 한다.

Since water can be dangerous if it comes in contact with electrical appliances, you must be careful.

대화In conversation

바다가 깊으므로 조심해서 수영을 하셔야 합니다.

The ocean is deep, so you must be careful when swimming.

네, 알겠습니다.

Yes, I understand.

관련 문법Related grammar

Other connectives you will meet alongside this one.

-거니와 -geoniwa (old-fashioned) A connective ending used to recognize the truth of the preceding statement, while indicating there is another relevant fact. TOPIK 4 -고도 -godo A connective ending used to express a fact or feeling, and add that there is an opposite or another characteristic in the following statement. TOPIK 4 -고서 -goseo -고서는 · -고서야 A connective ending used to emphasize that the preceding statement comes before the following statement, or the preceding statement caused the… TOPIK 4 -고자 -goja A connective ending used when the speaker has a certain purpose, intention, hope, etc. TOPIK 4 -기에 -gie A connective ending referring to the cause or reason of the following statement. TOPIK 4 -는다면 -neundamyeon -ㄴ다면 · -다면 · -라면 A connective ending used when assuming a certain fact or situation. TOPIK 4

자주 묻는 질문Common questions

What does -으므로 mean in Korean?

-으므로 is a connective introduced at 4급 (TOPIK 4). A connective ending used to indicate a reason or cause.

When do you use -으므로?

Attaches after verbs and adjectives ending in a consonant other than ㄹ, the past -었- or the future -겠-. The other shape is -므로 — same point, different environment.

What is the difference between -으므로 and -므로?

None in meaning — they are two shapes of the same connective, and which one appears is decided by the sound in front of it, not by what you want to say.

What TOPIK level is -으므로?

4급 — TOPIK 4, upper intermediate. It is one of 67 grammar points at that level.

Definition, usage note, examples and dialogue from the 국립국어원 한국어기초사전, used under CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.